6th Sem

Course Contents:

a) Definiton of anumāna, anumiti and parāmarśa. Analysis of pakṣatā. Definition of vyāpti, Vyāptigraha.

b) Definition of pakṣadharmatā—svārthānumiti and parārthānumiti; Analysis of pañcāvayavī Nyāya. Necessity of parāmarśa. Three kinds of linga or hetu: kevalānvayī, kevalavyᾱtirekī and anvayavyᾱtirekī. Definiton of pakṣa, Sapakṣa and vipakṣa with illustrations. Marks of sadhetu.

c) Hetvābhāsa-two types of definition. Five kinds of hetvābhāsa:

(1) “Savyᾱbhicāra’’ and its three kinds-defined and illustrated;

(2) “Viruddha” defined and illustrated:

(3) “Satpratipakṣa” defined and illustrated;

(4) Three kinds of “Asiddha” enumerated;

(a) āśrayāsiddha

(b) svarūpāsiddha and

(c) vyāpyatvāsiddha. Vyāpyatvāsiddha defined as“sopādhika hetu”. Upādhi and its four kinds (definition and illustration)

(5) “Bādhita” (definition and illustration).

d) “Upamāna pramāṇa”: Definition and analysis.“Śabda pramāṇa” : Definition and analysis. “Śakti” (the direct signifying power), the padapadārtha- sambandha considered as Īśvara-saṁketa, Controversy between the Mīmāṃsakas and the Naiyāyikas regarding the nature of Śakti as universal or particular.

e) “Śaktigraha” (ascertainment of the meaning-relation), lakṣaṇa, varieties of lakṣaṇa, Analysis of “Gauṇī-vṛtti” (the secondary signifying power of a term), “Vyānjanā-vṛtti” (the suggestive power of a term) analysed as a kind of śakti or lakṣaṇā.

f) The definition of lakṣaṇā, The concept of “yoga-rūḍhi”. The conditions of “śābda-bodha”, ākānkṣā, yogyatā and sannidhi. Two kinds of statements distinguished—Vaidika and Laukika.

g) “Arthāpatti” as a distinctive pramāṇa: Controversy between the Mīmāṃsakas and the Naiyāyikas.

h) The theory of prāmāṇya: the issue between svataḥ-prāmāṇyavᾱda and parataḥ-prāmāṇyavᾱda regarding utpatti and jñapti; The Prābhākara theory of akhyāti.